Biotechnology has evolved from being a concept associated with science fiction to becoming a fundamental pillar for the future of food in recent years. What has led to this shift in society’s perception? How do consumers view genetic modification today?
A recent study by the EIT Food Consumer Observatory reveals that Europeans find themselves in an intermediate position: most do not reject biotechnology, but there is still a long way to go. The key lies in trust, transparency, and an open mindset toward innovation.
Views on biotechnology: a balance between trust and caution
According to the report, the Biotech Act is seen as an important step toward a more resilient food system. However, nearly half of citizens maintain a neutral stance.
What values have influenced the improvement in perception?
- Effectiveness in addressing food challenges.
- Fairness toward consumers, farmers, and small businesses.
- Trust in European institutions.
- The perception of urgency and need for change.
Young urban individuals are the most receptive, while older generations and rural sectors show a more cautious attitude. Overall, Citizens are open-minded but expect guarantees of responsible use and clear communication about technological advances.
Benefits and points to consider
Consumers recognize that biotechnology can offer major benefits: healthier and more nutritious foods and greater food security.
At the same time, there are areas that call for reflection and dialogue—such as the need to assess long-term health effects, maintain traditional agricultural practices, preserve cultural diversity in food, and ensure that biotechnological products are perceived as natural and trustworthy.
This duality shows that, for biotechnology to gain broader support, innovation alone is not enough: it must be accompanied by education, transparency, and clear communication about progress and its positive impact.
Perception of biotechnological foods
In addition, consumers mainly associate biotechnology with lab-produced foods and science applied to improving food processes. These perceptions are divided between admiration for its innovative capacity and detachment from agricultural traditions.
The most recognized products among the public are genetically modified crops, cultivated meat, plant-based products that mimic animal proteins, and enhanced or healthier foods. In all cases, technology is seen as a key tool to combat food waste and improve global sustainability.
Willingness to try
Openness to trying biotechnological foods varies significantly among social groups. Young people and highly educated consumers are the most willing.
According to the report, the most accepted biotechnological products include precision-fermented foods, vegetables from tech farms, and personalized food products. Cultivated meat shows a notable level of consumer interest, occupying a middle ground of acceptance that sets it apart from more radical innovations such as 3D-printed meat or genetically modified foods, which still generate greater hesitation.
The current challenge is to maintain trust, communicate transparently, and demonstrate through action that innovation can go hand in hand with collective well-being.
